
The problem with the NATO vision of Smart Defense is pretty obvious: national sovereignty. How do you convince member nations to forego critical military capability investments and rely on partner states to fill in the gaps? What happens when national interests aren’t in perfect alignment? Things can get complicated quickly…
The key to NATO’s vision for Smart Defense is to focus on cooperative initiatives where there is universal consensus, such as, protecting member nations from ballistic missile threats. It is a much harder case to make for an initiative like Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR) or similar foundational capabilities that underwrite a nation’s military independence.
All things being equal, a NATO Smart Defense based on an outsourced military capability model is fraught with political pitfalls. When the rubber meets the road, it’s hard to imagine a preponderance of member nations agreeing on a substantive capability-sharing structure that transcends boutique needs.
Where NATO can realize the biggest impact on behalf of member nations vis-a-vis Smart Defense is by helping to shape the defense marketplace by breaking down the regulatory barriers that inhibit the commerce in defense articles between members. A NATO-led Smart Defense marketplace would enhance international industry competition (lower costs) and promote a richer and more diverse defense technology ecosystem (increase capability). Now that’s smart…